Overview

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) is a group of rare genetic disorders that cause tumours to develop in multiple endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, and pituitary gland.

Some of these tumours may produce excess hormones (functional tumours), causing significant symptoms, while others may be non-functional or even cancerous.

Early detection, genetic counselling, and coordinated expert care are essential.

At I D Cancer Center, we provide comprehensive evaluation, hormonal testing, advanced imaging, genetic testing, precision radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and multidisciplinary management for MEN syndromes.

---

Types of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia

🔹 MEN Type 1 (MEN1 – Wermer Syndrome)

Affects:

• Parathyroid glands (most common)

• Pancreas (neuroendocrine tumours)

• Pituitary gland

Common conditions:

• Hyperparathyroidism

• Gastrinoma, insulinoma, glucagonoma

• Prolactinoma or growth hormone–secreting tumours

---

🔹 MEN Type 2A (MEN2A – Sipple Syndrome)

Affects:

• Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC)

• Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumour)

• Hyperparathyroidism

It is strongly linked to RET gene mutation.

---

🔹 MEN Type 2B (MEN3)

Affects:

• Aggressive medullary thyroid cancer

• Pheochromocytoma

• Mucosal neuromas

• Marfanoid body habitus

MEN2B is typically more aggressive and needs early intervention.

---

Symptoms of MEN Syndromes

Symptoms depend on the type of tumour and hormones affected.

Hormonal Symptoms

• Excessive thirst

• Frequent urination

• Weight loss or rapid weight gain

• Tremors, palpitations

• Sweating and anxiety

• Headaches

• High blood pressure

• Abdominal pain or diarrhoea

Tumour-related Symptoms

• Neck swelling

• Bone pain

• Low energy levels

• Vision changes (pituitary tumours)

• Low blood sugar (insulinoma)

Any persistent hormonal disturbance or neck swelling should be promptly evaluated.

---

Diagnosis at I D Cancer Center

We follow international guidelines for MEN evaluation:

🧪 Hormonal Testing

• PTH, calcium, calcitonin

• ACTH, cortisol

• Insulin, gastrin, prolactin

• Thyroid profile

• Catecholamines (for adrenal tumours)

🧬 Genetic Testing

• RET gene testing (for MEN2A/MEN2B)

• MEN1 gene mutation analysis

🖥️ Imaging Studies

• Ultrasound / CT / MRI

• PET-CT scan for staging

• Ga-68 DOTATATE PET for neuroendocrine tumours

• Nuclear scans (MIBG, DOPA PET – if required)

🔬 Biopsy & Histopathology

Performed when needed to confirm tumour type.

Our multidisciplinary team includes oncologists, endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, radiologists, and nuclear medicine specialists.

---

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on type, tumour location, hormone production, and stage.

---

1. Surgery

Primary treatment for:

• Medullary thyroid cancer

• Pheochromocytoma

• Parathyroid tumours

• Pancreatic and pituitary tumours

Performed by experienced endocrine surgeons.

---

2. Radiation Therapy

At I D Cancer Center, high-precision radiation is used for:

• Medullary thyroid carcinoma (select cases)

• Pituitary tumours

• Inoperable or recurrent endocrine tumours

• Symptom relief in metastatic disease
  Using IMRT, IGRT, VMAT, we protect surrounding organs while targeting tumours accurately.

---

3. Targeted Therapy

For RET-positive tumours and neuroendocrine cancers:

• Vandetanib

• Cabozantinib

• Sunitinib / Everolimus (for NETs)

---

4. Immunotherapy

Used in advanced or metastatic tumours depending on molecular profile.

---

5. Hormonal Therapy

To control symptoms caused by hormone-secreting tumours.

---

6. Chemotherapy

Used for high-grade or metastatic neuroendocrine tumours.

---

7. Genetic Counselling & Family Screening

A critical part of MEN management to detect family members at risk.

---

Follow-Up & Long-Term Care

MEN is a lifelong condition requiring continuous monitoring.

We provide:

• Regular imaging and hormone monitoring

• Evaluation for new tumours

• Symptom management

• Nutritional and lifestyle guidance

• Psychological and emotional support

• Family screening for hereditary tumours

Our goal is early detection, long-term control, and better quality of life.

---

Why Choose I D Cancer Center?

• Expert oncology care led by Dr. Sunil Kumar

• Comprehensive work-up for endocrine tumours

• Advanced nuclear imaging (PET-CT / Ga-68)

• High-precision radiotherapy (IMRT/IGRT/VMAT)

• Experienced endocrine surgeons & endocrinologists

• Multidisciplinary tumour board

• Compassionate, patient-centered care

• Convenient location in Sushant Golf City, Lucknow