Colon Cancer Treatment | I D Cancer Center Lucknow
Colon cancer (also known as colorectal cancer when combined with rectal cancer) begins in the large intestine and is one of the most common yet highly treatable cancers—especially when detected early. With modern screening, precision diagnostics, and advanced therapies, patients can achieve excellent outcomes.
What Is Colon Cancer?
Colon cancer develops when abnormal cells form polyps in the lining of the large intestine and grow uncontrollably. Not all polyps become cancer, but early removal prevents progression.
Types of Colon Cancer
Adenocarcinoma (most common)
Colonic lymphoma
Neuroendocrine tumors
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) (rare)
Common Symptoms of Colon Cancer
Colon cancer often develops silently. However, symptoms may include:
Changes in bowel habits (diarrhoea/constipation)
Blood in stool (bright red or dark)
Persistent abdominal discomfort or cramps
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue or weakness
Feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
Iron-deficiency anemia
Any rectal bleeding or prolonged bowel change warrants immediate evaluation.
Risk Factors
Risk increases with:
Age > 50 years (increasingly seen in younger adults too)
Family history of colon cancer
Personal history of polyps
High-fat, low-fiber diet
Obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Smoking & alcohol use
Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s/ulcerative colitis)
Genetic syndromes (FAP, Lynch syndrome)
How Colon Cancer Is Diagnosed at I D Cancer Center
1. Colonoscopy (Gold Standard)
Direct visualization of the colon
Polyp removal & biopsy in the same procedure
2. Biopsy
Confirms cancer type and guides treatment.
3. Imaging
CECT Abdomen & Pelvis
MRI rectum (if rectal involvement)
PET-CT for staging
4. Blood Tests
CEA (tumor marker)
CBC
Liver/kidney function tests
5. Genetic & Molecular Testing
RAS, BRAF mutation
- MSI/MMR testingEssential for targeted therapy planning.
Treatment Options at I D Cancer Center
Colon cancer treatment is planned through a multidisciplinary tumor board involving surgical, medical, and radiation oncology.
1. Surgery
Primary treatment for early and localized disease:
Hemicolectomy / segmental colectomy
Laparoscopic or robotic surgery options
Lymph node removal for accurate staging
2. Chemotherapy
Used for:
Locally advanced cancers
High-risk cases after surgery
Metastatic disease
Common regimens include:
FOLFOX
CAPOX
FOLFIRI
3. Targeted Therapy
Based on KRAS/BRAF mutation status:
Cetuximab
Panitumumab
- BevacizumabImproves outcomes in specific tumor profiles.
4. Immunotherapy
For MSI-high (MMR-deficient) tumors:
Pembrolizumab
Nivolumab
Transforms outcomes in selected patients.
5. Radiotherapy
Used primarily when cancer involves the rectum or nearby structures.
At I D Cancer Center, we provide:
IMRT / VMAT
IGRT daily image-guided treatments
SBRT for limited metastases
6. Palliative & Supportive Care
Pain management
Bowel obstruction relief
Nutrition support
Psychological and family counseling
Prognosis
Prognosis depends on:
Stage at diagnosis
Lymph node involvement
Tumor biology (mutation profile)
Overall health
Early-stage colon cancer has excellent cure rates, especially when detected during screening.
Prevention & Screening
Colon cancer is one of the few cancers that is highly preventable.
Recommended screening:
Colonoscopy starting at age 45
Annual stool-based tests
Earlier screening for high-risk individuals
Lifestyle tips:
High-fiber diet
Regular exercise
Quit smoking & alcohol moderation
Maintain healthy body weight
Why Choose I D Cancer Center?
Comprehensive diagnosis (colonoscopy, CT/MRI/PET-CT)
Precision radiotherapy with IMRT/VMAT
Expert surgical and medical oncology teams
Tumor board-based individualized treatment
Advanced molecular testing for personalised therapy
Compassionate, patient-first approach
Led by Dr. Sunil Kumar, highly experienced Radiation Oncologist
